来源：风湿病与关节炎,2024,13（3）:18-23,54.

老年类风湿关节炎患者吞咽障碍发生现状及影响因素分析（临床研究）

才柠鸽¹，王颜君²，周　静²

　　【摘　要】目的：调查老年类风湿关节炎患者发生吞咽障碍的现状及其影响因素。方法：选取2021年11月至2022年12月在贵州中医药大学第二附属医院风湿免疫科住院的400例老年类风湿关节炎患者作为调查对象，采用一般资料调查表、洼田饮水试验、健康评估问卷－残疾指数、微型营养评价精简表、老年抑郁量表，及疲劳严重度量表进行调查。结果：回收有效问卷387份。老年类风湿关节炎患者吞咽障碍发生率为23.00%，Logistic回归分析显示，年龄、躯体功能障碍、合并干燥综合征、营养状况、疾病活动度、晨僵时间是老年类风湿关节炎患者发生吞咽障碍的影响因素（P < 0.05）。结论：老年类风湿关节炎患者吞咽障碍发生率较高，高龄、存在躯体功能障碍、合并干燥综合征、营养不良、疾病活动度、晨僵与老年RA患者吞咽障碍有相关性。临床医护人员应及时识别老年类风湿关节炎患者发生吞咽障碍的高危人群，并制订相应护理措施，降低吞咽障碍的发生率。

　　【关键词】　类风湿关节炎；吞咽障碍；老年；影响因素

Analysis of the Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Swallowing Disorders in Elderly Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

CAI Ning-ge,WANG Yan-jun,ZHOU Jing

　　【ABSTRACT】Objective:To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of swallowing disorders in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis（RA）.Methods:A total of 400 elderly RA patients who were hospitalized in the Rheumatology and Immunology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine from November 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the survey subjects.The survey was conducted using the General Information Survey Form,Wada Drinking Water Test,Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index,Mini Nutrition Evaluation Simplified Form,Elderly Depression Scale,and Fatigue Severity Scale.Results:Three hundred and eighty-seven valid questionnaires were collected.The incidence of swallowing disorders in elderly RA patients is 23.00%.Logistic regression analysis shows that age,physical dysfunction,combined Sjögren's syndrome,nutritional status,disease activity,and morning stiffness time are the influencing factors（P < 0.05）.Conclusion:The incidence of swallowing disorders is higher in elderly RA patients,which is related to elderly age,physical dysfunction,Sjögren's syndrome,malnutrition,disease activity,and morning stiffness.Clinical medical staff should promptly identify high-risk groups of swallowing disorders,and develop corresponding nursing measures to reduce the incidence.

　　【Keywords】 rheumatoid arthritis;swallowing disorders;the elder;influence factor